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γ-氨基丁酸A型受体转运的胞内调节机制及其功能研究进展

Molecular mechanisms and function of intracellular GABAA receptor transportation

  • 摘要: γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)能中间神经元是中枢神经系统内主要的抑制性神经递质突触前释放源,GABA能神经元控制整个神经网络。介导GABA能神经元中枢效应的受体至少包括 GABAA型和GABAB型两大类,前者属于受体门控通道超家族成员,后者属G蛋白连接受体超家族成员;介导动物大脑中大多数快速型突触抑制的主要是GABAA型受体。本文归纳了近年来对GABAA型受体转运胞内调节分子机制的研究工作,讨论了受体翻译后修饰、辅助蛋白、骨架蛋白和酶体等分子在该转运过程中所发挥的作用,对GABAA型受体转运失调在相关神经精神性疾病中的研究进展进行了综述。

     

    Abstract: Inhibition of the central nervous system(CNS) is mainly mediated by GABAergic neurons,its nervous transmission is important for all aspects of CNS function.The effects of central GABAergic system are mainly mediated by both GABAA receptors,which belong to the superfamily of heteropentameric ligand-gated ion channels,and GABAB receptors,which belong to superfamily of G-protein coupled heptahelical transmembrane receptors.Fast synaptic inhibition in the mammalian brain is mainly mediated by GABAA receptors.In this chapter,we summarized recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of intracellular transportation and functions of GABAA receptors,and discussed the regulating roles of post-translational modifications,GABAA receptors associated proteins,scaffold proteins,enzymes etc in this process.Finally,we highlighted a number of neuropsychical diseases, in which confusion of GABAA receptors trafficking occured.

     

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