银杏外种皮的化学成分及其对植物真菌的抑制作用

Chemical constituents from the exopleura of Ginkgo biloba and inhibition test of total ginkgolic acids against phytopathogenic fungi

摘要: 从银杏外种皮中分离得到9个化合物，运用理化性质和波谱分析的方法分别鉴定为白果醇( 1 )、棕榈酮( 2 )、β-谷甾醇( 3 )、豆甾-3，6-二酮( 4 )、豆甾-4-烯-3，6-二酮( 5 )、白果酸( 6 )、白果新酸( 7 )、三十烷酸( 8 )、白果宁( 9 )。其中，化合物 2~5 、 7~9 为首次从银杏外种皮中分离得到，化合物 7 和 9 为未见报道的新天然产物。对外种皮中的总白果酸进行了抗植物致病真菌的抑菌试验，证明其具有很强的抗真菌作用，有进一步开发利用价值。

Abstract: Nine compounds were isolated from the exopleura of Ginkgo biloba. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis and chemical evidences as ginnol( 1 ), palmitone( 2 ), β-sitosterol( 3 ), stigmast-3, 6-dione( 4) , stigmast-4-ene-3, 6-dione( 5 ), ginkgolic acid( 6 ), ginkgoneolic acid( 7 ), triacotanoic acid( 8 )and ginkgonine( 9 ). Compounds 2-5 and 7-9 were isolated from the exopleura of Ginkgo biloba for the first time. Compounds 7 and 9 were novel natural products. The inhibition test against phytopathogenic fungi showed that total ginkgolic acids from the exopleura of Ginkgo biloba had strong anti-fungal activity.