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肿瘤的光动力治疗研究进展

Advances in cancer photodynamic therapy

  • 摘要: 肿瘤光动力治疗(photodynamic therapy,PDT)是一种对恶性肿瘤细胞选择性杀伤并获得临床批准的非侵入性肿瘤治疗方法。该疗法主要原理是利用特定波长的光激发光敏剂,传递能量给氧气进而产生活性氧,造成肿瘤细胞死亡、微血管损伤以及诱导局部免疫等反应。本文针对目前光动力治疗存在的3个主要瓶颈——光动力光源的穿透深度较弱、光敏剂非特异性靶向导致的皮肤毒性以及肿瘤部位乏氧导致的光动力降低,对肿瘤光动力治疗的前沿研究进行综述。

     

    Abstract: Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimal invasive therapy that have been clinically approved for the cancer treatment with selective cell toxicity. When activated by appropriate wavelength of light, photosensitizers transfer the absorbed photon energy to the surrounding molecular oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species, which result in cell death, vessel damage and immune activation of tumor site. This paper summarize the main challenges and recent solutions for PDT application, such as the low tissue penetration of light, toxicity induced by nonspecific accumulation of skin and poor PDT effect of hypoxia tumor.

     

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