Abstract: Seven compounds in the 95% ethanol extract of Galla Chinensis were isolated by silica gel, ODS, Toyopearl HW-40(s)and RP-HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral data and physicochemical properties as benzoic acid, 3, 4-dihydroxy-5-［(3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy］-, 5-ethoxycarbonyl-2, 3-dihydroxyphenyl ester( 1 ), trigallic acid( 2 ), 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose( 3 ), shikimic acid( 4 ), gallic acid( 5 ), methyl gallate( 6 )and ethyl gallate( 7 ). Among them, compound 1 was a novel compound, and compound 2 was firstly isolated from the Galla Chinensis. The inhibition tests of the constituents showed that compound 3 exhibited in vitro antiviral activity against HSV-1 and RSV A strain, RSV Long strain with IC₅₀ values of 13. 3, 3. 3, 3. 3 mmol/L, respectively.