Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)as the most common hepatic disease worldwide is affected not only by extrinsic factors, but also by genetic ones. Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), another chronic disease regulated by both environmental and genetic factors, is closely related to NAFLD in signal pathways and susceptibility genes. This review summarizes the susceptibility genes of NAFLD, especially points out their relevance to T2DM and suggests their related clinical applications, which provide further evidence for the exploration of the mechanisms of the two diseases with a new direction for their diagnosis and treatment.