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鸭乙型肝炎动物模型在药学领域的应用进展

Advances in the application of duck hepatitis B animal model in pharmaceutical field

  • 摘要: 鸭乙型肝炎病毒的基因组、复制方式和发病机制与人乙型肝炎病毒相似,且鸭乙肝病毒的天然宿主容易获得、价格低廉、感染成功率高,因此鸭乙型肝炎动物模型已被广泛应用于药物筛选、药理学和病理学研究。在应用于药物筛选时,该模型容易获得,感染成功率高且具有良好的稳定性。在药理学研究中,该模型能够持续维持高水平的病毒DNA复制,并且能够出现明显的肝脏损伤表型,可以反映不同机制药物的药理药效作用。而在病理机制研究中,该模型则具有完整的病毒生命周期,且在感染动物肝脏细胞中可检测到cccDNA,可以帮助科研人员更好的研究人乙型肝炎病毒致病机制。本文对鸭乙型肝炎动物模型在药物筛选、药理和病理研究中的应用进行综述,并对其应用前景进行展望。

     

    Abstract: The genome, replication mode and nosogenesis of duck hepatitis B virus are similar to those of human hepatitis B virus. In addition, the natural host of duck hepatitis B virus is readily available, cheap and has a high success rate of infection. Therefore, duck hepatitis B virus-infected models have been widely used for drug screening, pharmacological and pathological studies. For drug screening, the model is easy to obtain with high infection success rate and good stability. In the pharmacological research, the model can maintain high levels of viral DNA replication in the hepatocytes and exhibit significant damaged liver phenotypes which can reflect the pharmacological effects of drugs with different mechanisms. Also in the pathologic mechanisms research, the model has entire virus life cycle and maintains a pool of covalent closed-loop DNA in the hepatocytes, which can help scientific researchers better understand human hepatitis B virus. This article reviews the applications of duck hepatitis B animal model in drug screening, pharmacological and pathological studies, also outlooks the application prospect of this model.

     

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