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自组装型树形分子在生物医学领域的研究进展

Self-assembling dendrimers for biomedical applications

  • 摘要: 树形分子因其具有独特的树枝状分子结构以及多价协同作用等特性在生物医学领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而树形分子合成繁琐费时、纯化困难,使得大规模制备高代无缺陷的树形分子困难重重。为了克服这一困难,研究人员提出了一种基于自组装的方法构建树形分子的策略,即利用低代的两亲性树形分子自组装构建非共价超分子树形分子,用以模拟高代共价树形分子。本文介绍超分子树形分子的研究及其在生物医学领域的应用,例如输送小分子抗肿瘤药物、核酸治疗试剂和分子造影剂等,并通过一些代表性的实例展现超分子树形分子的应用前景与挑战。

     

    Abstract: Dendrimers, a special class of synthetic polymers known for their well-defined ramified structures and unique multivalent cooperativity, hold great promise for various biomedical applications. However, preparation of defect-free dendrimers of high-generation on a large scale remains challenging because of the tedious and time-consuming synthesis as well as difficult purification. To overcome these limitations, an alternative strategy based on self-assembling approach has been developed to construct supramolecular dendrimers using small amphiphilic dendrimer-building units. By virtue of the amphiphilic nature, these small dendrimer-building units self-assemble and form large non-covalent supramolecular dendritic structures that mimic high-generation covalent dendrimers. Here, we present a brief overview of the supramolecular dendrimers developed in our group for the delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics, anticancer drug and imaging agents.

     

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