Abstract: The development of osteoinductive bone-filling biomaterials for bone regeneration is of great significance.Self-assembled peptide hydrogels with high biomimetic extracellular matrix structure, low immunogenicity, easy synthesis and modification, and flexible loading capacity provide a highly efficient therapeutic platform for bone tissue repair.Herein, we discuss the design principles of self-assembled peptide hydrogels, report the structural characteristics and assembly mechanisms of self-assembled peptides, and highlight recent advances in self-assembled peptide hydrogels for bone regeneration, including delivery to cells , bone morphogenetic proteins, active factors and small molecular substances.Finally, the bottleneck and development direction of self-assembled peptide hydrogels are pointed out, aiming to provide guidance for the construction of hydrogel delivery systems with high osteogenic properties.