Abstract: Nerve-specific fluorescent agents can be used as nerve markers in animals to guide surgical procedures and reduce the incidence of intraoperative nerve injury.In this study, the structure of oxazine mother nucleus was modified.A series of oxazine derivative fluorescent dyes YQN-3-YQN-6 were obtained by mass spectrometry and ¹H NMR, which can highlight the peripheral nerve structure of rats.Among a series of targeted fluorescent dyes, YQN-3 had emission peaks near NIR and showed highly specific nerve targeting signals in the brachial plexus and sciatic nerves 4 h after intravenous administration.In addition, YQN-3 can accurately locate and identify recurrent laryngeal nerves during thyroidectomy, thus preserving the integrity of these nerves during surgery.With its simple synthesis and low toxicity, YQW-3 can be potentially applied for clinical neural tissue imaging.