Abstract: This study aims to establish a rabbit model of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) and investigate the pharmacological effects of topical application of Huatan Jiening paste (HTJN). Methods about Rabbit TBL model was established by peripheral injection of complete Freund's adjuvant and intralymph node injection of BCG. The body weight, popliteal lymph node blood flow, number and classification of blood leukocytes, serum inflammatory factors, lymph node weight, expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis IS6110 gene and inflammatory factors in lymph nodes, and lymph node histopathology were examined after 14 days of topical administration. The results showed that the body weight of TBL model rabbits decreased significantly, accompanied by significant swelling of popliteal lymph nodes, and the blood perfusion of lymph nodes decreased significantly. HTJN could improve the weight loss of model animals, significantly inhibit the swelling of lymph nodes and significantly increase the blood perfusion of lymph nodes. HTJN had a significant inhibitory effect on the inflammatory changes of model animals, including significantly reducing the number of blood leukocytes, increasing the lymphocyte ratio and reducing the neutrophil ratio, significantly reducing the levels of serum CRP, PCT, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6. The mRNA expressions of CRP, PCT, ICAM-1, SOCS3, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, INF-γ in the lymph node tissues of rabbits were significantly up-regulated, while the expressions of MIP-1α and IL-10 were significantly down regulated. HTJN had a comprehensive improvement effect on the imbalance of immune and inflammatory factors in the lymph node tissues of model animals, a significant inhibitory effect on the up-regulated genes, and a certain recovery effect on the down regulated genes. Histopathological examination of lymph nodes showed that macrophage related inflammatory lesions were the main type, and HTJN also had a certain improvement effect on histological lesions of lymph nodes. This study provides the local application of HTJN has the comprehensive improvement effects of detumescence, anti inflammation and improving blood flow microcirculation in the rabbit model of TBL, and can also significantly regulate the cytokine network.