Research progress of microneedle in promoting wound healing

The healing process of skin wounds caused by severe mechanical trauma and chronic diseases (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers) is often accompanied by tissue injury, microbial infection, intense inflammatory reactions, hypertrophic scars, and other complications. Microneedles have been widely used to facilitate wound healing in recent years. According to their different modes of action, microneedle formulation can be categorized into five types: solid microneedles, hollow microneedles, coated microneedles, soluble microneedles, and hydrogel microneedles. This paper reviews the preparation methods and characteristics of microneedles, and summarizes their roles in hemostasis, bacteriostasis, anti-inflammation, enhancement of collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, in the hope of providing some reference for future research and development.