Research progress of breast cancer metabolic reprogramming and microenvironment remodeling

As numerous connections between oncogenic signalling pathways and metabolic activities emerge, the importance of metabolic reprogramming in cancer is being increasingly recognized. During tumorigenesis, breast cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, which generally includes enhanced glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, glutaminolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis. The extension and functional importance of these metabolic alterations may diverge according to breast cancer subtypes.Besides, aberrant metabolism of breast cancer cells remodels tumor microenvironment, promoting cancer vascularization and inhibiting anti-tumor immunity, and thus accelerates tumor progression.This review addresses current knowledge on the metabolic reprogramming and breast cancer microenvironment, which provides some reference for the development of metabolic target drugs for each breast cancer subtype.