Abstract: Proteomics is one of the most advanced fields and hotspots in the research of various diseases in recent years. Its development has provided a new research direction for the early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and has achieved some research results. Early diagnosis is helpful to control the progression of the disease or even avoid surgical treatment, which is of great significance for improving the prognosis of patients. This paper reviews the current status and prospects of proteomic technology and its applications in diabetes as well as its complications with a prospect of the impact of the rapid development of proteomics on diabetes and its positive role in discovering more diabetes biomarkers. In the future research, more attention should be paid to the interconnections between biomarkers.