Abstract: Radiopharmaceuticals play an indispensable role in the precise diagnosis and treatment of severe diseases. Based on the latest radiopharmaceutical-related regulations and policies issued in China in 2024, relevant publications by Chinese researchers in domestic and international journals, and the most recent clinical research advances in China, this review systematically summarizes the major progress in radiopharmaceutical research in China. It elaborates on policy trends, fundamental research breakthroughs, updated clinical outcomes, and recent advances in the development pipelines of Chinese radiopharmaceutical companies. The future development prospects of China’s radiopharmaceutical field are also discussed.