Abstract: Zaizao Wan is the compound Chinese patent medicine which contains the greatest number of ingredients in Chinese Pharmacopeia 1977.It is made up of 58 kinds of powdered Chinese drugs.Through detecting every ingredient of ZaizaoWan by means of microscopic identification and subsequent identifying Zaizao Wan made in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Kunming, Suzhou and Fushan Chinese drug manufacturers, we prove that microscopic analysis is one of the important methods for examination of some Chinese patent medicines, even for those as complex as Zaizao Wan. In addition, TLC and TLC-densitometry have also been used to analyse and identify the medicines mentioned above, their differences having been found.