Abstract: Aim： To investigate a new type wound dressing，basic fibroblast growth factor（bFGF）/collagen composite sponge，and conduct its pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo. Methods： bFGF/collagen composite sponge was prepared using fresh pig skin and bFGF.The sponge′s physicochemical properties were studied.MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation effect of the sponge extract on 3T3 cells.Delayed allergy of the sponge was tested for the assurance of its biosafety. Results： Results showed that the physicochemical properties of bFGF/collagen composite sponge with high and low doses of bFGF have no significant difference from those of blank collagen sponge.SDS-page analysis indicated that the composite sponge has apparent strip in 18 kD.It was also found that bFGF/collagen composite sponge was responsible for significant effects on 3T3 cell proliferation in comparison to saline treatement (P<0.01 ，P<0.05).In the allergy study，during the periods of the induction and stimulation，no allergic reaction was found in bFGF/collagen composite sponge groups with high and low doses of bFGF，while severe reactions and inflammation occurred in positive group (2，4-dinitrochlorobenzene). Furthermore，pathological examination indicated the intact dermal structure and no sign of inflammation. Conclusion： The developed sponge has good physicochemical propertis and noticed cellular proliferation without dermal irritation.There is much potential to develop bFGF/collagen composite sponge into a new kind of wound dressing material for clinical use.