Abstract: Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a globally serious problem that threatens public health security.Misuse and abuse of antibiotics cannot achieve the effect of treating bacterial infectious diseases, but will trigger the SOS response of bacteria, exacerbating the evolution of bacterial AMR and the spread of resistant bacteria.This article focuses on antibiotic-resistant bacteria, briefly introduces the pathogenesis of bacterial AMR and SOS response, and systematically summarizes the determination and mechanism study of bacterial AMR based on microfluidics and mass spectrometry.This article provides theoretical basis for AMR-related drug target mining and new drug development, aiming to develop new methods for rapid detection of bacterial AMR and new methods for bacteria inhibition, and promote the diagnosis and treatment of clinical bacteria infectious diseases.